decentralization (n.)

active word-forming element in English and in many verbs inherited from French and Latin, from Latin de "down, down from, from, off; concerning" (see de), also used as a prefix in Latin, usually meaning "down, off, away, from among, down from," but also "down to the bottom, totally" hence "completely" (intensive or completive), which is its sense in many English words.

As a Latin prefix it also had the function of undoing or reversing a verb's action, and hence it came to be used as a pure privative — "not, do the opposite of, undo" — which is its primary function as a living prefix in English, as in defrost (1895), defuse (1943), de-escalate (1964), etc. In some cases, a reduced form of dis-.

"act of bringing to one center," 1801, especially in politics, "concentration of administrative power in the central government at the expense of local self-government," originally with reference to Napoleonic France and on model of French centralisation. See centralize + -ation.

"distribute or take away from a center," 1840 (implied in decentralized), perhaps a back-formation from decentralization. Related: Decentralizing.