analysis (n.)

1610s, "deductive reasoning," from Latin synthesis "collection, set or service of plate, suit of clothes, composition (of a medication)," from Greek synthesis "composition, a putting together," also used of syllables and words, from syntithenai "put together, combine," from syn- "together" (see syn-) + tithenai "to put, to place" (from PIE root *dhe- "to set, put").

The notion in the senses is "a combining of separate thoughts or conceptions into a whole." It is attested in English by 1733 in the sense of "a combination of parts into a whole," and later in specialized senses in grammar, chemistry, surgery, acoustics. It was earlier borrowed in Middle English as sintecis (mid-15c.). The classical plural is syntheses.

1650s, "one versed in algebraic analysis, mathematician skilled in algebraic geometry," from French analyste "a person who analyzes," from analyser, from analyse "analysis," from Medieval Latin analysis (see analysis). As a short form of psychoanalyst, attested from 1914; the one analyzed is an analysand (1933). Greek analyter meant "a deliverer."