"middle; being the middle part or midst; being between, intermediate," Old English mid, midd from Proto-Germanic *medja- (source also of Old Norse miðr, Old Saxon middi, Old Frisian midde, Middle Dutch mydde, Old High German mitti, German mitte, Gothic midjis "mid, middle"), from PIE root *medhyo- "middle."

By late Middle English probably felt as a prefix only, and now surviving in English only as a prefix (mid-air, midstream, etc.). Prefixed to months, seasons, etc. from late Old English. As a preposition, "in the middle of, amid" (c. 1400) it is from in midde or a shortened form of amid (compare midshipman) and sometimes is written 'mid.

"with," a preposition formerly in common use but now entirely superseded by with (except in the compound midwife) from Old English mid "with, in conjunction with, in company with, together with, among, at the same time as," and in part from cognate Old Norse mið, from Proto-Germanic *medthi- (source also of Old Saxon mid, Old Frisian mith "together with, with the help of," Dutch met, Old High German and German mit, Danish med, Gothic miþ "with"), from PIE *meti-, suffixed form of root *me- "in the middle" (compare meta-).

"in the middle of one's course," 1560s, from mid (adj.) + course (n.).

also midair, "the part of the air between the clouds and the air near the ground," from mid (adj.) + air (n.1).

by 1804, "the middle of the Atlantic Ocean," from mid (adj.) + Atlantic. In U.S. history, Mid-Atlantic states in reference to the middle states on the Atlantic coast is by 1842.

"the middle of the afternoon," c. 1400, from mid (adj.) + afternoon. Earlier in the same sense was mid-overnoon (late 13c.).

"center," late 14c., from mid (adj.) + point (n.).

"being in the very middle," Old English midmest; see mid (adj.) + -most.

"the middle or central part of a town or city," by 1930, from mid (adj.) + town.

also mid-stream, "the middle of the stream," Old English midstream; see mid (adj.) + stream (n.).