the computer operating system by Microsoft was introduced in 1985 and modified thereafter; it was predominant by c. 1995.

"process of laying roads according to the system of John L. McAdam;" 1824, noun of action from macadamize (see macadam).

1935; see eco- + system. Perhaps coined by English ecologist Sir Arthur George Tansley (1871-1955).

"one thousand grams," standard of mass in the metric system, 1797, from French kilogramme (1795); see kilo- + gram.

"one who devotes himself to the spread of any system of principles," 1797, from propaganda + -ist. Related: Propagandistic; propagandism.

system of Romanized spelling for Chinese, 1963, from Chinese pinyin "to spell, to combine sounds into syllables," from pin "put together" + yin "sound, tone." Adopted officially by the People's Republic of China in 1958. Outside China gradually superseding the 19c. Wade-Giles system (Mao Tse-tung is Wade-Giles, Mao Zedong is Pinyin).

U.S. copper coin minted from 1793 to 1857, established and named in the 1786 resolution for a new monetary system; see half + cent.

1803, irregularly formed from system + -ic; used in medicine and biology for differentiation of meaning from systematic. Related: Systemically.

1952, in reference to a numeral system based on 16, not 10; from hexa- + decimal. From 1970 as a noun.

"system or theory that regards human beings as the central fact of creation," 1897; see anthropocentric + -ism.