c.1300, presumably from a Scandinavian source (though exact cognates are wanting) related to Old Norse skalli "bald head," skalpr "sheath," from the source of scale (n.2). French scalpe, German, Swedish skalp are from English.
"to cut off (someone's) scalp," 1670s, from scalp (n.), originally in reference to North American Indians. For ticket sense, see scalper. Related: Scalped; scalping.