1404, from L. resumere "take again, assume again," from re- "again" + sumere "take up" (cf. assume). Resumption (1449) is from L. resumptionem, noun of action from resumere.
1804, "a summary," from Fr. résumé, noun use of pp. of M.Fr. resumer "to sum up," from L. resumere (see resume (v.)). Meaning "biographical summary of a person's career" is 1940s.