Online Etymology Dictionary

stringent (adj.): c.1600, "astringent," especially with reference to taste, from Latin stringentem (nominative stringens), present participle of stringere "to compress, contract, bind or draw tight" (see strain). Of regulations, procedures, etc., 1846.
stringer (n.): "newspaper correspondent paid by length of copy," 1950, probably from earlier figurative sense of "one who strings words together" (1774); agent noun from string (v.).
stringy (adj.): 1660s, from string (n.) + -y (2). Related: Stringiness.
strip (v.): "make bare," Old English -striepan, -strypan "plunder, despoil," as in West Saxon bestrypan "to plunder," from Proto-Germanic *straupijanan (cf. Middle Dutch stropen "to strip off, to ramble about plundering," Old High German stroufen "to strip off, plunder," German streifen "strip off, touch upon, to ramble, roam, rove"). Meaning "to unclothe" is recorded from early 13c. Of screw threads, from 1839; of gear wheels, from 1873. Related: Stripped; stripping. Strip poker is attested from 1916, in a joke in "The Technology Monthly and Harvard Engineering Journal":
"Say, Bill how, did the game come out?"
"It ended in a tie."
"Oh, were you playing strip poker?"
strip search is from 1947, in reference to World War II prison camps.
strip (n.): "long, narrow, flat piece," mid-15c., "narrow piece of cloth," probably from Middle Low German strippe "strap, thong," related to stripe (see stripe (n.1)). Sense extension to wood, land, etc. first recorded 1630s.

Sense in comic strip is from 1920. Meaning "street noted for clubs, bars, etc." is attested from 1939, originally in reference to Los Angeles' Sunset Strip. Strip mine (n.) attested by 1892, as a verb by 1916; so called because the surface material is removed in successive parallel strips.
stripe (n.1): "a line or band in cloth," 1620s (but probably much older), from Middle Dutch or Middle Low German stripe "stripe, streak," from Proto-Germanic *stripanan (cf. Danish stribe "a striped fabric," German Streifen "stripe"), cognate with Old Irish sriab "stripe," from PIE root *streig- (see strigil). Of soldiers' chevrons, badges, etc., attested from 1827.
stripe (n.2): "a stroke or lash," mid-15c., probably a special use of stripe (n.1), from the marks left by a lash. Cf. also Dutch strippen "to whip," West Frisian strips, apparently cognate but not attested as early as the English word.
striper (n.): "striped bass," 1945, from stripe (n.1).
stripling (n.): "a youth," late 14c., possibly from strip (n.) "long, narrow piece," on the notion of "one who is slender as a strip, whose figure is not yet filled out."
stripper (n.): "strip-tease dancer" is from 1930, from strip (v.). Strip-tease itself is first recorded 1936, though strip and tease were both used in this sense in late 1920s.
striptease (n.): 1936, from strip (v.) + tease (n.). Related: Stripteaser (1930).
strive (v.): c.1200, from Old French estriver "to quarrel, dispute," from estrif, estrit "quarrel" (see strife). It became a strong verb (past tense strove) by rhyming association with drive, etc.
strobe (n.): 1942, shortening of stroboscope "instrument for studying motion by periodically interrupted light" (1896), from Greek strobos "act of whirling" + -scope.
Stroganoff: name of a beef dish cooked in sauce containing sour cream, 1932, from French, from name of 19c. Russian diplomat Count Paul Stroganov.
stroke (n.): "act of striking," c.1300, probably from Old English *strac, from Proto-Germanic *straikaz (cf. Middle Low German strek, German streich, Gothic striks "stroke"), related to the verb stracian (see stroke (v.)). The meaning "mark of a pen" is from 1560s; that of "a striking of a clock" is from mid-15c. Sense of "feat, achievement" (e.g. stroke of luck, 1853) first found 1670s; the meaning "single pull of an oar or single movement of machinery" is from 1731. Meaning "apoplectic seizure" is from 1590s (originally the Stroke of God's Hand). Swimming sense is from 1800.
stroke (v.): "pass the hand gently over," Old English stracian, related to strican "pass over lightly," from Proto-Germanic *straikojanan, which is related to the root of strike, from PIE root *streig- (see strigil). Figurative sense of "soothe, flatter" is recorded from 1510s. The noun meaning "a stroking movement of the hand" is recorded from 1630s. Related: Stroked; stroking.
stroll (v.): c.1600, a cant word introduced from the Continent, probably from dialectal German strollen, variant of German strolchen "to stroll, loaf," from strolch "vagabond, vagrant," also "fortuneteller," perhaps from Italian astrologo "astrologer." Related: Strolled; strolling. The noun is 1814, from the verb.
stroller (n.): "child's push-chair," 1920, agent noun from stroll (v.).
stroma (n.): 1832, in anatomy, plural stromae, Modern Latin, from Latin stroma "bed covering," from Greek stroma "anything spread out for lying or sitting on" (see structure (n.)).
strong (adj.): Old English strang "physically powerful, powerful in effect, forceful, severe," from Proto-Germanic *strangaz (cf. Old Norse strangr "strong," Dutch streng "strict, rigorous," Old High German strang "strong, bold, hard," German streng "strict, rigorous"). Originally compared strenger, strengest (cf. old/elder/eldest). Grammatical sense, of noun and verb inflections, is first attested 1841, translating German stark, used in a grammatical sense by J. Grimm (the terms strong and weak better fit German inflections). Strong suit (1865) is from card-playing. Strong man "man of great strength" (especially one who displays it professionally) is recorded from 1690s; meaning "dominating man in a political organization" is from 1859.
strong (adv.): Old English strange (alongside strongly), from the same source as strong (adj.). Going strong (1898) is from racing. To come on strong was originally come it strong (1812).
strong-arm (adj.): "using physical force," 1897, from noun phrase (c.1600), from strong (adj.) + arm (n.).
stronghold (n.): early 15c., from strong (adj.) + hold (n.) "fortified place, refuge."
strontium: light metallic element, 1808, coined in Modern Latin by English chemist Sir Humphry Davy (1778-1829) from Strontian, name of a parish in Argyllshire, Scotland, the site of lead mines where strontium was first found.
strop (n.): mid-14c., "loop or strap on a harness," probably from Old French estrop (see strap (n.)). Specific sense of "leather strap used for sharpening razors" first recorded 1702. The verb in this sense is from 1841. Distribution of senses between strap and strop is arbitrary.
strophe (n.): c.1600, from Greek strophe "stanza," originally "a turning," in reference to the section of an ode sung by the chorus while turning in one direction, from strephein "to turn," from PIE *strebh- "to wind, turn" (cf. Greek strophaligs "whirl, whirlwind," streblos "twisted").
strophic (adj.): 1848, from strophe + -ic.
stroppy: 1951, perhaps a slang mangling of obstreperous.
structural (adj.): 1835, from structure + -al (1). Related: Structurally.
structuralism (n.): 1907, originally in psychology; see structural + -ism.
structure (n.): mid-15c., "action or process of building or construction," from Latin structura "a fitting together, adjustment, building," from structus, past participle of struere "to pile, build, assemble," related to strues "heap," from PIE *stere- "to spread, extend, stretch out" (cf. Sanskrit strnoti "strews, throws down;" Avestan star- "to spread out, stretch out;" Greek stronymi "strew," stroma "bedding, mattress," sternon "breast, breastbone;" Latin sternere "to stretch, extend;" Old Church Slavonic stira, streti "spread," strama "district;" Russian stroji "order;" Gothic straujan, Old High German strouwen, Old English streowian "to sprinkle, strew;" Old English streon "strain," streaw "straw, that which is scattered;" Old High German stirna "forehead," strala "arrow, lightning bolt;" Old Irish fo-sernaim "spread out," srath "a wide river valley;" Welsh srat "plain"). Meaning "that which is constructed, a building or edifice" is from 1610s.
structure (v.): "put together systematically," by 1855, from structure (n.). Related: Structured; structuring. Structured "organized so as to produce results" is from 1959.
strudel (n.): kind of Austrian pastry, 1893, from German Strudel, literally "eddy, whirlpool," from Old High German stredan "to bubble, boil, whirl, eddy," from PIE root *ser- "to flow" (see serum).
struggle (v.): late 14c., probably a frequentative form, of uncertain origin. Skeat suggests Old Norse strugr "ill will;" others suggest a connection to Dutch struikelen, German straucheln "to stumble." Related: Struggled; struggling.
struggle (n.): 1690s, from struggle (v.).
strum (v.): 1775, possibly imitative of the sound of running the fingers across the strings of a musical instrument. Related: Strummed; strumming.
strumpet (n.): early 14c., of uncertain origin. One theory connects it with Latin stuprata, fem. past participle of stuprare "have illicit sexual relations with," or Late Latin strupum "dishonor, violation." Others suggest Middle Dutch strompe "a stocking," or strompen "to stride, to stalk" (as a prostitute might a customer). The major sources don't seem to give much preference to any of these. Weekley notes "Gregory's Chronicle (c.1450) has streppett in same sense." In 18c.-early 19c., often abbreviated as strum and also used as a verb, which led to some odd dictionary entries:
TO STRUM: to have carnal knowledge of a woman, also to play badly on the harpsichord or any other stringed instrument. [Capt. Francis Grose, "A Classical Dictionary of the Vulgar Tongue," 1796]
strung: past tense of string (v.). In reference to nerves, feelings, etc., from 1840. Slang strung out "addicted" is recorded from 1959.
strut (v.): "walk in a vain, important manner," Old English strutian "to stand out stiffly," from Proto-Germanic *strut- (cf. Danish strutte, German strotzen "to be puffed up, be swelled," German Strauß "fight"), from PIE root *ster- "strong, firm, stiff, rigid" (see sterile). Originally of the air or the attitude; modern sense, focused on the walk, first recorded 1510s. Cognate with Old English ðrutung "anger, arrogance" (see throat). To strut (one's) stuff is black slang, first recorded 1926, from strut as the name of a dance popular from c.1900.
strut (n.): "supporting brace," 1580s, perhaps from strut (v.), or a cognate word in Old Norse or Low German (cf. Low German strutt "rigid"); ultimately from Proto-Germanic *strutoz-, from root *strut- (see strut (v.)).
struthious (adj.): "of the ostrich," 1773, from Latin struthio "ostrich," from Greek strouthion (see ostrich).
Struwwelpeter: from German, name of a character in the children's book of the same name by Heinrich Hoffman (1809-1894).
strychnine: powerful poisonous alkaloid, 1819, from French strychnine, from Modern Latin Strychnos, the genus name of the plant (nux vomica) from which the poison is obtained, from Greek strychnon, a kind of nightshade, of uncertain origin. The chemical was discovered 1818 by Pelletier and Caventou.
Stuart: name of the British royal family from 1603-1668 (see steward); attested from 1873 as an attribution for styles from that period.
stub (n.): Old English stybb "stump of a tree," from Proto-Germanic *stubjaz (cf. Middle Dutch stubbe, Old Norse stubbr), from PIE root *(s)teu- (see steep (adj.)). Extended in Middle English to other short, thick things. The verb sense of "strike (one's toe) against" something is first recorded 1848. Meaning "to extinguish a cigarette" is from 1927. Related: Stubbed; stubbing.
stubble (n.): c.1300, "stumps of grain stalks left in the ground after reaping," from Old French estuble "stubble" (French éteule), from Latin stupla, reduced form of stipula "stalk, straw;" related to stipes "trunk, stick." Applied from c.1600 to bristles on a man's unshaven face.
stubborn (adj.): late 14c., of uncertain origin. Earliest form is stiborn. OED, Liberman doubt any connection with stub (n.). Related: Stubbornly; stubbornness.
stubby (adj.): "short and thick," 1570s, from stub + -y (2); of persons, from 1831.
stucco (n.): 1590s, from Italian stucco, from a Germanic source (cf. Old High German stukki "crust, piece, fragment;" see stock (n.1)). The verb is attested from 1726.
stuck (adj.): "unable to go any further," 1885, from past participle of stick (v.). Colloquial stuck-up "assuming an unjustified air of superiority" is recorded from 1829.