Online Etymology Dictionary

resplendent (adj.): mid-15c., from Latin resplendentem (nominative resplendens) "brilliant, radiant," present participle of resplendere "to glitter, shine," from re-, intensive prefix, + splendere "to shine, be splendid" (see splendid). Related: Resplendently.
respond (v.): c.1300, respound, from Old French respondere "respond, correspond," from Latin respondere "respond, answer to, promise in return," from re- "back" (see re-) + spondere "to pledge" (see spondee). Modern spelling and pronunciation is from c.1600. Related: Responded; responding.
respondent (n.): 1520s, from Latin respondent-, present participle stem of respondere (see respond).
response (n.): c.1300, from Latin responsum "an answer," noun use of neuter past participle of respondere "to respond" (see respond).
responsibility (n.): "condition of being responsible," 1787, from responsible + -ity. Related: Responsibilities.
responsible (adj.): 1590s, "answerable (to another, for something)," from obsolete French responsible, a variant of Modern French responsable (as if from Latin *responsabilis), from Latin responsus, past participle of respondere "to respond" (see respond). Meaning "morally accountable for one's actions" is attested from 1836. Retains the sense of "obligation" in the Latin root word. Related: Responsibly.
responsive (adj.): 1520s, "making answer," from French responsif or directly from Late Latin responsivus, from Latin respons-, past participle stem of respondere (see respond). Meaning "responding to influence or action" is from 1762. Related: Responsively; responsiveness.
ressentiment (n.): 1943, a word from Nietzsche, from German ressentiment, from French ressentiment (see resentment).
rest (n.1): "sleep," Old English ræste, reste "rest, bed, intermission of labor, mental peace," from Proto-Germanic *rastjo, *rasto. Original sense seems to be a measure of distance (cf. Old High German rasta "league of miles," Old Norse rost "league, distance after which one rests," Gothic rasta "mile, stage of a journey"), perhaps a word from the nomadic period. The meaning "support, thing upon which something rests" is attested from 1580s. At rest "dead" is from mid-14c. Rest stop is from 1973. Colloquial expression to give (something) a rest "to stop talking about it" is first recorded 1927, American English.
rest (n.2): "remainder," early 15c., from Middle French reste "remnant," from rester "to remain," from Latin restare "stand back, be left," from re- "back" (see re-) + stare "to stand" (see stet). Related Middle English verb resten (mid-15c.) is in rest assured.
rest (v.): Old English ræstan, restan "to rest," from root of rest (n.1). Related: Rested; resting. Phrase rest you merry is from 1540s (God rest you merry, gentlemen, often is mis-punctuated).
restart (v.): 1845, from re- + start (v.). Related: Restarted; restarting. As a noun from 1888.
restate (v.): 1713, from re- + state. Related: Restated; restating.
restatement (n.): 1803, from restate + -ment.
restaurant (n.): 1827, from French restaurant "a restaurant" (said to have been used in Paris c.1765 by Boulanger), originally "food that restores," noun use of present participle of restaurer "to restore or refresh," from Old French restorer (see restore).
restaurateur (n.): 1796, from French restaurateur, agent noun from restaurer "to restore" (see restaurant) on model of Late Latin restaurator "restorer." Native form restauranter is recorded from 1887.
rested (adj.): "refreshed by sleep," c.1400, past participle adjective from rest (v.).
restful (adj.): mid-14c., from rest (n.1) + -ful. Related: Restfully.
restitute (v.): late 14c., from French restituer (14c.) or directly from Latin restituere (see restitution).
restitution (n.): c.1300, from Latin restitutionem (nominative restitutio) "a restoring," noun of action from past participle stem of restituere "restore, rebuild, replace," from re- "again" (see re-) + statuere "to set up," from PIE root *sta- "to stand," with derivatives meaning "place or thing that is standing" (see stet).
restive (adj.): early 15c., restyffe "not moving forward," from Middle French restif "motionless," from rester "to remain" (see rest (n.2)). Sense of "unmanageable" (1680s) evolved via notion of a horse refusing to go forward.
restless (adj.): Old English restleas "deprived of sleep;" see rest (n.1) + -less. A general Germanic compound (cf. Frisian restleas, German rastlos, Danish rastlös, Dutch rusteloos). Meaning "stirring constantly, desirous of action" is attested from late 15c. Related: Restlessly; restlessness.
restoration (n.): 1650s; see restore + -ation. With a capital R-, in reference to the reestablishment of the English monarchy under Charles II in 1660, from 1718. As a period in English theater, attested from 1898. In French history, it refers to 1814. An earlier word in this sense was restauration (late 14c.), from French.
restorative: c.1400 (adj.), early 15c. (n.); see restoration + -ive.
restore (v.): c.1300, "to give back," also, "to build up again, repair," from Old French restorer, from Latin restaurare "repair, rebuild, renew," from re- "back, again" (see re-) + -staurare, as in instaurare "restore," from PIE *stau-ro-, from root *sta- "to stand, set down, make or be firm," with derivatives meaning "place or thing that is standing" (see stet). Related: Restored; restoring.
restrain (v.): mid-14c., from stem of Old French restraindre, from Latin restringere "draw back tightly, confine, check" (see restriction). Related: Restrained; restraining.
restraint (n.): "action of restraining," c.1400, from Old French restrainte, prop. fem. past participle of restraindre (see restrain). Meaning "means of restraint" is recorded from early 15c.
restrict (v.): 1530s, from Latin restrictus, past participle of restringere (see restriction). Regarded 18c. as a Scottishism. Related: Restricted; restricting.
restricted (adj.): "limited," 1830, past participle adjective from restrict; of documents, etc., "secret, not for public release" it is recorded from 1944. In U.S., restricted was a euphemism for "off-limits to Jews" (1947).
Manager: "I'm sorry, Mr. Marx, but we can't let you use the pool; this country club is restricted."
Groucho: "Well, my daughter's only half-Jewish; could she go in up to her knees?"
restriction (n.): early 15c., from Late Latin restrictionem (nominative restrictio) "limitation," from past participle stem of Latin restringere "restrict, bind fast, restrain," from re- "back" (see re-) + stringere "draw tight" (see strain (v.)).
restrictive (adj.): c.1400, from French restrictif, from Late Latin restrictivus, from Latin restrictus (see restriction).
restroom (n.): also rest-room, 1899, from rest (n.1) + room (n.).
restructure (v.): 1951, from re- "back, again" + structure (v.). Related: Restructured; restructuring.
resubmit (v.): 1831, from re- + submit. Related: Resubmitted; resubmitting.
result (v.): early 15c., from Medieval Latin resultare "to result," in classical Latin "to spring forward, rebound," frequentative of past participle of resilire "to rebound" (see resilience). Related: Resulted; resulting.
result (n.): 1620s, from result (v.). Related: Results.
resultant: early 15c. (n.); 1610s (adj.); from Latin resultantem, present participle of resultare (see result).
resume (v.): c.1400, from Latin resumere "take again, assume again," from re- "again" (see re-) + sumere "take up" (cf. assume).
resume (n.): 1804, "a summary," from French résumé, noun use of past participle of Middle French resumer "to sum up," from Latin resumere (see resume (v.)). Meaning "biographical summary of a person's career" is 1940s.
resumption (n.): mid-15c., from Latin resumptionem, noun of action from resumere (see resume (v.)).
resurface (v.): 1886, "to provide with a fresh surface," from re- "back, again" + surface (v.). Meaning "to come to the surface again" is recorded from 1953. Related: Resurfaced; resurfacing.
resurge (v.): 1887, back-formation from resurgent.
resurgent (adj.): 1808, from obsolete verb resurge "to rise again" (1570s), from Latin resurgere "rise again," from re- "again" (see re-) + surgere "to rise" (see surge).
resurrect (v.): 1772, back-formation from resurrection. Related: Resurrected; resurrecting.
resurrection (n.): late 13c., from Anglo-French resurrectiun, Old French resurrection, from Late Latin resurrectionem (nominative resurrectio) "a rising again from the dead," from past participle stem of Latin resurgere "rise again" (see resurgent). Replaced Old English æriste.

Originally the name of a Church festival commemorating Christ's rising from the dead; generalized sense of "revival" is from 1640s. Also used in Middle English of the rising again of the dead on the Last Day (c.1300). Resurrection pie (1869) was schoolboy slang for a pie made from leftovers of previous meals. Resurrectionist, euphemism for "grave-robber" is attested from 1776.
resuscitate (v.): 1530s, earlier resuscit (late 14c.), from Late Latin resuscitationem, from Latin resuscitatus, past participle of resuscitare "rouse again, revive," from re- "again" (see re-) + suscitare "to raise, revive," from sub "(up from) under" + citare "to summon" (see cite). Related: Resuscitated; resuscitating.
ret (v.): "to soak," mid-15c., probably from Middle Dutch roten (or an unrecorded cognate Old Norse word), related to Old English rotian "to rot" (see rot (v.)).
retail (v.): mid-14c. (implied in retailing), from Old French retaillier "to cut off, pare, clip, divide," from re- "back" (see re-) + taillier "to cut, trim" (see tailor (n.)).

Sense of "recount, tell over again" is first recorded 1590s. The noun meaning "sale in small quantities" is from early 15c., from Middle French retail "piece cut off, shred, scrap, paring." Related: Retailed; retailing.
retain (v.): late 14c., from Old French retenir, from Latin retinere "hold back," from re- "back" (see re-) + tenere "to hold" (see tenet). Meaning "keep (another) attached to one's person, keep in service" is from mid-15c.; specifically of lawyers from 1540s. Related: Retained; retaining.
retainer (n.1): "fee to secure services," mid-15c., "act of keeping for oneself" from retain (perhaps influenced by Middle French retenir, infinitive used as a noun). Meaning "fee paid to an attorney to secure his services" is from 1818.