Slavery in the North The origin and growth of slavery in the Northern colonies of what became the United States
Connecticut
Slavery in Connecticut
Delaware
Slavery in Delaware
Massachusetts
Slavery in Massachusetts
New Hampshire
Slavery in New Hampshire
New Jersey
Slavery in New Jersey
New York
Slavery in New York
Pennsylvania
Slavery in Pennsylvania
Rhode Island
Slavery in Rhode Island
Vermont
Abolition in Vermont
Emancipation
Emancipation in the North happened in the generation after the Revolution, but it was gradual and conservative and it had as much or more to do with economics than with morality
Chance Missed
Why emancipation stopped at the Mason-Dixon Line, despite the appeal of some leaders in the Upper South to make it nationwide
The Economics of Freedom
Slaves in Pennsylvania did not go directly to freedom; they usually passed through an indentured servitude that lasted much of their adult lives. This new form of pseudo-slavery altered the economy of the whole state
Northern Interest
Even after the Northern states had abolished slavery, their citizens continued to profit from it
Exclusion
The difference between North and South, some historians have noted, was not one of "slave" and "free" states, but "slave" and "quasi-free." Northern states made extraordinary efforts to prevent blacks from settling within their boundaries
Colonization
The American Colonization Society was far more popular with Northerners than abolition societies. Its leading men included clergy, college presidents, and politicians of all parties. ITs goal was to send all blacks -- free and slave -- back to Africa
Lincoln and Race
President Lincoln's address to a black delegation in 1862
Northern Racism
The abolitionists -- that is, the extremists among them who advocated not just emancipation but social equality of the races -- had a uphill fight to persuade popular opinion in the North, South, West and all points that blacks and white were equal in any real sense
Bibliography
A listing of some of the published sources consulted
| 2002 - Slave and Free in Pennsylvania - Causes of the Civil War - The Confederate War - The War in the North - Race in America |
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